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Purpose: This study was attempted to identify the effect of the Solution-Focused Group Counseling on the self-efficacy and depression of low-income female family heads. Methods: The research design was one-group pretest-posttest design in quasi-experimental research, and the period of this research was from September 4th to October 23rd, 2002. It was conducted with ten female family heads who were residing in Gwanak-gu, Seoul, and receiving from the government welfare benefits, including supplementary living allowances, as livelihood protection recipients. They were referred by S welfare center in Gwanak-gu, Seoul to the researcher for group counseling. The group counseling program that was developed by Kim(2001) on the basis of the fundamental principles of solution-focused therapy of de Shazer, et al.(1986) and the solution-focused group counseling process proposed by Selekman(1991), LaFountain, et al.(1996) and Metcalf(1998) was used after being modified and complemented for low-income female family heads. The group counseling was carried out eight times for 120 minutes per week. The instruments used for this study were the self-efficacy scale developed by Sherer et al.(1982) and the depression scale developed by Beck.(1967). Collected data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, and Wilcoxon signed test with SPSS 10.0 program. Results: 1) Hypothesis 1 "The score of low-income female family heads´ self-efficacy will increase after they receive the Solution-Focused Group Counseling." was tested. The score of their self-efficacy increased from 52.6011.55 before intervention to 55.5011.90 after counseling, presenting a statistically significant difference(z=2.328, p=.020). 2) Hypothesis 2 "The score of low-income female family heads´ depression will decrease after they receive the Solution-Focused Group Counseling." was tested. The score of their depression decreased from 24.806.10 before intervention to 16.305.46 after counseling, presenting a statistically significant difference(z=-2.821, p=.005). Conclusion: In conclusion, the Solution-Focused Group Counseling can be used as an effective nursing intervention method that can improve the self-efficacy of low-income female family heads and alleviate their depression.
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